TERMS  FOR  THE  URINARY  SYSTEM

 

  1. Filter system for the blood
    1. reason for doing drug test using urine sample
    2. urea = major waste product from protein metabolism

a.       BUN  (blood urea nitrogen) is blood test to measure kidney function

    1. maintains homeostasis…..keeps proper balance of water, electrolytes,
    2. combining form = uro……suffix is uria
  1. Kidney
    1. produces urine…..sends via ureter to bladder….sends via urethra to outside
    2. combining form = reno or nephro
    3. millions of nephrons (small filter units) make up kidney
    4. combining form for bladder is cysto
    5. micturition = process of urination

 

  1. Diagnostic terms
    1. cystocentesis = to withdraw urine from the bladder
    2. cystography = radiographic study of bladder after a contrast media has been put into bladder.
    3. pneumocystogram = radiographic study of bladder after air has been put into the bladder.
    4. urinalysis (UA) = examination of urine components
    5. urinary catheterization = insertion of a tube through the urethra into bladder
  2. General urinary terms
    1. anuria = no urine production
    2. dysuria = difficult or painful urination
    3. crystalluria = crystals in the urine
    4. glucosuria = glucose in the urine
    5. hematuria = blood in the urine
    6. nocturia = excessive urination at night
    7. oliguria = little or scant urine produced
    8. polyuria = excessive urination
    9. stranguria = slow or painful urination
  3. Pathology terms 
    1. azotemia or uremia = excess nitrogen or urea in the blood
    2. calculi = stones
    3. urolith = stones in the urine
    4. cystitis = inflammation of the bladder
    5. hydronephrosis = dilation of the kidney as a result of an obstruction
    6. incontinence = inability to control urination
    7. nephritis = inflammation of the kidneys
    8. nephrolith = kidney stone
    9. nephropathy = disease of the kidney
    10. polyuria/polydipsia  ( PU/PD ) = increased urination and drinking
    11. diuresis = increase excretion of urine either as a result of fluids or drugs.
    12. diuretics = drugs that increase urine production
    13. urethritis = inflammation of the urethra
    14. UTI = urinary tract infection

 

  1. Procedures
    1. cystotomy = surgical incision into the bladder
    2. dialysis = procedure to remove blood waste products when the kidneys are not functioning  properly
    3. lithotripsy = destruction of stones using ultrasound
    4. nephrectomy = removal of a kidney
    5. utethrostomy = surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin.