TERMS  for  the  IMMUNE SYSTEM

 

 

  1. Blood
    1. supplies the body with oxygen and nutrients
    2. combining form is “ hemato “
    3. hematopoiesis = formation of blood…..occurs in the bone marrow
    4. coagulation = process of clotting
    5. blood sample

a.       whole blood (red top tube)

1)      after clots…..serum = liquid portion ….about 55 %

2)      PCV or HCT = cells (RBCs,WBCs & platelets) = 45 %

3)      PCV = packed cell volume

4)      HCT = hematocrit

b.      plasma = straw colored fluid in( purple top tube )

    1. hemolytic = destroying RBCs
    2. hemophilia = hereditary condition of deficient clotting factors
    3. hemostasis = controlling bleeding
    4. septicemia = bacteria and toxins in the blood
    5. thrombocytopenia = decreased platelets (or thrombocytes)
    6. transudate = fluid low in protein, cells and other solid material
    7. exudates = material coming from a wound which is rich in protein, cells and solid material

 

  1. Lymphatic System
    1. filter system for the body
    2. combining form is “ lympho “
    3. lymph nodes (LN) = series of them throughout the body

a.       mandibular, cervical, axillary, inguinal, popliteal

b.      increased swelling = disease

    1. allergy = overreaction by the body to a particular antigen
    2. anaphylaxix = severe response to a foreign substance which develops acutely.
    3. autoimmune disease = disorder in which the body makes antibodies against itself.
    4. immunosuppression = decrease in resistance to disease
    5. lymphadenitis = inflammation of the LN
    6. splenomegaly = enlarged spleen
    7. tonsillectomy = surgical removal of the tonsils
    8. tonsillitis = inflammation of the tonsils
    9. splenectomy = surgical removal of the spleen
    10. lymphadenopathy = disease of the LN

 

  1. Oncology……study of tumors
    1. neoplasm = abnormal new growth of tissues
    2. benign = not malignant
    3. malignant = cancerous
    4. pedunculated = tumor has a stalk (or peduncle)
    5. well-circumscribed = mass is well defined
    6. invasive = no well defined borders
    7. metastasis = pathogenic growth distant from primary disease (often lungs)
    8. carcinoma = malignant growth of epithelial cells
    9. sarcoma = malignant growth of connective tissue
    10. carcinogen = substance that causes cancer
    11. adenocarcinoma = malignant growth of epithelial gland tissue
    12. lymphoma = neoplasm composed of lymph tissue
    13. mast cell tumor = malignant growth of mast cells in the skin……which release histamine
    14. myeloma = malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
    15. osteosarcoma = malignant neoplasm of bone
    16. squamous cell carcinoma = malignant tumor of squamous cell epithelial tissue…..skin cancer
    17. chemotherapy = treatment of a condition using chemicals or drugs